In recent years, the overall incidence of appearance anxiety among adolescents has kept increasing, which has become a vital public health problem impairing their mental health. Appearance anxiety not only disturbs adolescents’ self-identity and social behaviors, but may also trigger mental illnesses including anxiety and eating disorders. The widespread of “ideal images” on social media, peer comparison and family parenting styles are major predisposing factors. Existing studies mainly focus on analyzing influencing factors, whereas effective intervention strategies targeting adolescents are still limited. By reviewing relevant domestic and foreign literatures, this paper summarizes the concept definition, influencing factors and intervention strategies of adolescent appearance anxiety, so as to provide references for further research and practice, and provide evidence for the prevention and intervention of appearance anxiety in adolescents.