Periodontal disease is a common oral disorder in clinical practice with a high incidence across all age groups, including periodontitis and gingival diseases. Its etiological factors involve local oral lesions, unhealthy living habits, systemic diseases and other conditions. It severely impairs dental aesthetics and acts as a major cause of tooth loss. At present, sequential periodontal therapy serves as the primary treatment for periodontal disease, which can control infection, relieve inffammatory reactions and improve periodontal health status, yet fails to satisfy patients’ demands for periodontal aesthetics. Therapeutic schemes of oral medical aesthetics and oral aesthetic reconstruction can enhance dental appearance and remedy the deffciencies of simple sequential periodontal therapy. This paper summarizes relevant clinical research progress from two aspects: aesthetic therapy for periodontal diseases and oral aesthetic reconstruction, so as to provide references for clinical research.