The success criterion for oral implant restoration has evolved from the biological stability of “osseointegration” to the current comprehensive biomechanical goal of “mechanical compatibility”. The traditional rigid ffxation mode of titanium alloy is prone to stress shielding and long-term bone resorption due to its high elastic modulus and mechanical mismatch with natural bone. This paper ffrstly reviews the theoretical development from rigid ffxation to mechanical compatibility, further interprets the biomechanical implications of Lekholm and Zarb bone quality classiffcation, and analyzes the mechanical properties of mainstream abutment materials and the mechanism of interfacial stress transmission. On this basis, a clinical decision matrix for personalized abutment materials based on the biomechanical characteristics of host bone is proposed. Finally, the future development of precise, dynamic and personalized implant restoration is prospected from three aspects: biomechanical multi-ffeld coupling model, intelligent responsive materials and artiffcial intelligence-assisted decision-making, so as to provide references for clinical practice and interdisciplinary research.