Objective To explore the application effect of TCM debridement and dressing for eliminating necrotic tissues and promoting granulation on wound healing after incision and drainage of breast abscess. Methods A total of 200 patients after incision and drainage of breast abscess treated in our hospital from November 2023 to April 2025 were selected, and they were divided into the control group (n=100) and the study group (n=100) by the random number table method. The control group was treated with external dressing change of epidermal growth factor gauze strip, and the study group was treated with TCM debridement and dressing for eliminating necrotic tissues and promoting granulation. The wound secretion amount, wound edge pain intensity, wound granule freshness and wound healing time were compared between the two groups. Results At 3, 7, 11, 15, 20 and 25 days after operation, the scores of wound secretion and wound edge pain in the study group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). At 10, 15, 20 and 25 days after operation, the granulation tissue freshness scores of the study group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The wound healing time of the study group was (18.21±4.65)d, which was shorter than (21.43±5.78)d of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion TCM debridement and dressing for eliminating necrotic tissues and promoting granulation can effectively reduce wound secretion after incision and drainage of breast abscess, relieve pain, promote granulation tissue growth and shorten wound healing time.