Objective To analyze the effect of continuous nursing based on Peplau interpersonal relationship on oral health status of patients with dentition loss undergoing immediate implantation and immediate restoration. Methods A total of 90 patients with dentition loss who underwent immediate implantation and immediate restoration at Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of NMU from June 2024 to December 2025 were selected. According to the random number table method, they were divided into the control group and the observation group, with 45 patients in each group. The control group received conventional nursing, and the observation group received continuous nursing based on Peplau interpersonal relationship on the basis of the control group. The oral health status, aesthetic satisfaction, psychological status and oral health care behaviors were compared between the two groups. Results The oral health status score in the two groups after nursing was lower than that before nursing, and that in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The aesthetic satisfaction rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The scores of anxiety and depression in the two groups after nursing were lower than those before nursing, and those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The scores of rinsing mouth promptly after eating, brushing teeth once every morning and evening, and using Bass brushing method in the two groups after nursing were higher than those before nursing, and those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Continuous nursing based on Peplau interpersonal relationship achieves satisfactory effects in patients with dentition loss undergoing immediate implantation and immediate restoration. It can effectively improve oral health status, enhance aesthetic satisfaction, regulate adverse psychological status and optimize oral health care behaviors.