Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects of ultra-picosecond laser combined with intense pulsed light regimen on lesion improvement and skin barrier function in patients with melasma. Methods: A total of 80 melasma patients treated at Nanjing Qixia Maisi Medical Beauty Clinic Dermatology Department from August 2024 to August 2025 were selected and divided into groups based on treatment differences. The control group (n=40) received intense pulsed light therapy, while the observation group (n=40) received ultra-picosecond laser combined with intense pulsed light therapy. Compare the clinical efficacy, skin lesions and skin status between the two groups, and conduct statistical analysis on adverse reactions.Results: The observation group demonstrated a significantly higher overall response rate (P < 0.05, 95.00% vs. 77.50%). Post-treatment, the observation group showed lower skin lesion area and lesion color scores compared to the control group, with superior skin condition indicators (P<0.05). No significant difference in adverse reaction incidence was observed between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Combining ultra-picosecond laser with intense pulsed light therapy yields favorable outcomes for melasma patients, improving skin lesions and conditions while maintaining high safety.