Objective To analyze the effect of glass ffber post porcelain crown restoration on restoration success rate and dental aesthetics in patients with residual roots and crowns. Methods A total of 80 patients with residual roots and crowns who underwent porcelain crown restoration at Afffliated Hospital of Changzhi Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine from February 2022 to May 2025 were selected. According to the random number table method, they were divided into the control group and the observation group, with 40 patients in each group. The control group received cast metal post porcelain crown restoration, and the observation group received glass ffber post porcelain crown restoration. The restoration success rate, dental aesthetics, masticatory force, oral comfort and complication rate were compared between the two groups. Results The restoration success rate in the observation group (97.50%) was higher than that in the control group (85.00%) (P<0.05). The scores of PES and WES in the two groups after treatment were higher than those before treatment, and those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The masticatory force and oral comfort score in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group (7.50%) was lower than that in the control group (20.00%) (P<0.05). Conclusion The effect of glass ffber post porcelain crown restoration for residual roots and crowns is better than that of cast metalpost porcelain crown restoration. It can improve restoration success rate and dental aesthetics, enhance masticatory force and oral comfort, and reduce the incidence of complications, which is worthy of clinical application.