Objective To investigate the effect of bone-level implant restoration on aesthetic effect and inflammatory factor indicators in patients with dentition defect. Methods A total of 100 patients with dentition defect admitted to our hospital from January 2023 to June 2024 were selected. According to different restoration methods, they were divided into the control group and the observation group, with 50 patients in each group. The control group received traditional restoration, and the observation group received bone-level implant restoration. The aesthetic effect, inflammatory factor indicators, gingival health status and complications were compared between the two groups. Results The scores of PES and WES in the observation group at 12 months after restoration were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and MMP-8 in the observation group at 3, 6 and 12 months after restoration were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of GI≥2 points in the observation group (4.00%) was lower than that in the control group (18.00%) (P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group (8.00%) was lower than that in the control group (22.00%) (P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with traditional restoration, bone-level implant restoration can more effectively improve aesthetic effect in patients with dentition defect, reduce inffammatory responses in peri-implant tissues, and lower the incidence of pulpitis and complications.