Objective To investigate the effect of periodontal splint combined with orthodontic treatment on periodontal health indicators and aesthetic effect in patients with fan-shaped displacement of anterior teeth caused by periodontitis. Methods A total of 80 patients with fan-shaped displacement of anterior teeth caused by periodontal disease who visited Chun'an County Qiandaohu Town Community Health Service Center from April 2023 to May 2025 were selected. According to the random number table method, they were divided into the reference group and the experimental group, with 40 patients in each group. The reference group received basic periodontal treatment combined with simple periodontal splint ffxation, and the experimental group was combined with orthodontic treatment and periodontal splint ffxation on the basis of periodontal basic treatment in the reference group. The periodontal health indicators, aesthetic effect and masticatory function were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the PD, AL and SBI in the two groups were lower than those before treatment, and those in the experimental group were lower than those in the reference group (P<0.05). The scores of each index of PES and total score in the experimental group after treatment were higher than those in the reference group, and the masticatory efffciency was higher than that in the reference group (P<0.05). Conclusion Periodontal splint combined with orthodontic treatment can effectively improve the periodontal health of patients with fan-shaped displacement of anterior teeth caused by periodontal disease, enhance anterior aesthetic effect, and strengthen masticatory function, with high clinical application value.