Osteogenic differentiation potential and bone regeneration efffciency directly determine the functional reconstruction and morphological aesthetic restoration of bone tissue defects. However, traditional methods for bone repair such as artiffcial bone substitutes and allogeneic bone grafting have problems including poor biocompatibility and limited osteogenic activity, which can hardly fully meet the core clinical demand of paying equal attention to functional recovery and morphological aesthetics. Therefore, screening bioactive substances with natural source, high safety and clear osteogenic activity is of great signiffcance for promoting the development of bone tissue defect repair and reconstruction. As a natural medicine and food homologous material, seabuckthorn fruit is rich in nutrients and has a wide range of pharmacological activities, with deffnite effects in promoting cell proliferation, accelerating tissue repair, anti-inffammation and anti-oxidation. Seabuckthorn and its active ingredients can effectively promote osteoblast differentiation and accelerate bone matrix mineralization, and play a positive regulatory role in bone defect repair and bone regeneration. This paper systematically reviews the effects of seabuckthorn fruit active ingredients on osteogenic differentiation and related molecular mechanisms, focusing on their application value in aesthetic restoration of bone defects, so as to provide a theoretical reference for the clinical transformation of natural medicines in the integrated functional-aesthetic restoration of bone tissue defects.