Objective To explore the effect of empowerment theory-based nursing model on compliance of children undergoing pulp regeneration therapy for young permanent teeth. Methods A total of 76 children who received pulp regeneration therapy for young permanent teeth in our hospital from October 2022 to February 2025 were selected, and they were divided into the reference group (n=38) and the study group (n=38) by the random number table method. The reference group was intervened with conventional nursing model, and the study group was intervened with empowerment theory-based nursing model. The quality of life, compliance, psychological status, nursing satisfaction and adverse reaction rate were compared between the two groups. Results The COHIP score in the study group after nursing was higher than that in the reference group (P<0.05). The total nursing compliance rate of the study group (97.37%) was higher than that of the reference group (78.95%) (P<0.05). The scores of SCARED and CDI in the study group after nursing were lower than those in the reference group (P<0.05). The nursing satisfaction of the study group (94.74%) was higher than that of the reference group (76.32%) (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the study group (2.63%) was lower than that in the reference group (21.05%) (P<0.05). Conclusion The application of empowerment theory-based nursing model in children undergoing pulp regeneration therapy for young permanent teeth can improve quality of life, psychological status, children's compliance and nursing satisfaction, and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions.