Objective To explore the effect of pulp revascularization on root development status in young permanent teeth with pulpitis and apical periodontitis. Methods A total of 40 young permanent teeth patients with pulpitis and apical periodontitis admitted to Department of Stomatology, Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2020 to July 2023 were selected as the research subjects. According to the ball-drawing method, they were divided into the reference group and the experimental group，with 20 patients in each group. The reference group received apexification, and the experimental group received pulp revascularization. The clinical efffcacy, growth factor level, root development status, pain condition and complication rate were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of the experimental group was higher than that of the reference group (P<0.05). The levels of bFGF and VEGF in the experimental group after treatment were higher than those in the reference group (P<0.05). The root canal wall thickness and crown-root ratio in the experimental group after treatment were higher than those in the reference group (P<0.05). The VAS score in the experimental group after treatment was lower than that in the reference group (P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the experimental group was lower than that in the reference group (P<0.05). Conclusion Pulp revascularization is effective in the treatment of young permanent teeth with pulpitis and apical periodontitis. It can not only effectively relieve tooth pain, but also optimize the metabolism of cell growth factors, promote the normal growth and development of tooth roots, with fewer complications.