Objective: To compare the aesthetic outcomes and marginal fit of porcelain veneers versus resin composite in restoring anterior tooth incisal edge defects. Methods: Patients were randomly assigned to either a direct resin composite restoration group (control group) or a porcelain veneer group (observation group). Marginal gaps at the cervical, middle, and incisal edges were measured. Follow-ups were conducted at 1 week, 6 months, and 12 months to assess VAS satisfaction and clinical parameters. Results: The observation group showed significantly smaller marginal gaps at all measurement points (P<0.05), as well as significantly higher VAS scores and Alpha ratings for color matching, marginal adaptation, and other criteria at all follow-up time points (P<0.05). Conclusion: Porcelain veneers are superior to direct resin composite restorations in terms of marginal fit and aesthetic outcomes for anterior tooth incisal edge defects, demonstrating stable long-term clinical performance and warranting widespread clinical application.