Objective， To explore the optimization value of self-ligating bracket orthodontic treatment on lip protrusion and facial aesthetics in adolescents with dental crowding. Methods： A total of 80 adolescent patients with dental crowding treated in our hospital from January 2023 to August 2024 were selected and randomly divided into two groups using the double-color ball method. The control group (40 cases) received traditional straight-wire bracket orthodontic treatment, while the study group (40 cases) underwent self-ligating bracket orthodontic treatment. The lip protrusion indices [upper lip protrusion (ULP), lower lip protrusion (LLP), chin-lip sulcus depth (SLD), nasolabial angle (NLA)], facial aesthetics indices [facial angle, overall protrusion angle, Z-angle, distance from lower lip protrusion point to aesthetic plane (E-line-LL)], treatment-related indicators [treatment duration, pain score during treatment (VAS)] were compared between the two groups. Results： After treatment, the ULP, LLP, SLD, and E-line-LL in the study group were all lower than those in the control grou while the NLA, facial profile angle, total facial protrusion angle, and Z-angle were all greater than those in the control grou (P < 0.05). The average treatment duration in the study group was shorter than that in the control group, and the VAS score during treatment was lower in the study group (P < 0.05). Conclusion：Self-ligating bracket orthodontic treatment can significantly improve lip protrusion and facial aesthetics in adolescents with dental crowding, shorten the treatment cycle, reduce pain levels during treatment.