Objective To explore the application effect of visualized ultrasound technology in autologous fat transplantation. Methods A total of 88 patients who underwent autologous fat transplantation in the Department of Cosmetic Surgery, Hangzhou Starlight BeauCare Clinic Medical Technology Co., Ltd. from August 2023 to October 2025 were selected as the research subjects, and they were divided into the control group and the observation group by the random number table method, with 44 patients in each group. The control group received conventional autologous fat transplantation, and the observation group was combined with visualized ultrasound technology on the basis of the control group. The postoperative aesthetics, fat survival rate, complication rate and patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results The postoperative morphological symmetry, contour smoothness, overall aesthetics and total score of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The fat survival rate of the observation group was 79.55%, which was higher than 56.82% of the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group (6.82%) was lower than that in the control group (22.73%) (P<0.05). The satisfaction rate of the observation group (95.45%) was higher than that of the control group (79.55%) (P<0.05). Conclusion The application of visualized ultrasound technology in autologous fat transplantation improves the accuracy of surgical operation and the survival rate of transplanted fat, effectively enhances postoperative aesthetics, and reduces the risk of complications.