Objective To compare the application effects of nano-composite resin and all-ceramic material in aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth. Methods A total of 102 patients who underwent aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth in our hospital from January 2024 to January 2025 were selected. According to different restoration materials, they were divided into group A and group B, with 51 patients in each group. Group A received nano-composite resin restoration, and group B received all-ceramic material restoration. The restoration effect, dental aesthetics and complication rate were compared between the two groups. Results After restoration, the scores of normal occlusal function, marginal adaptability, tooth color, appearance fft and tooth shape in group B were all higher than those in group A (P<0.05). After restoration, the scores of distal gingival papilla, mesial gingival papilla, labial gingival margin level, alveolar process contour, soft tissue morphology, color and texture in group B were all higher than those in group A (P<0.05). There was no statistically signiffcant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion All-ceramic material has better application effect than nano-composite resin in aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth. It can effectively improve the restoration effect and dental aesthetics, without increasing the risk of complications.