Objective To compare and analyze the effects of all-ceramic and metal-ceramic restorations on the aesthetic outcomes of anterior teeth. Methods A total of 56 patients undergoing anterior tooth restoration at Nantong Cancer Hospital from January 2024 to June 2025 were selected as the study subjects. They were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table: the control group (28 cases) received metal-ceramic restorations, while the observation group (28 cases) received all-ceramic restorations. The aesthetic outcomes post-restoration were evaluated, and the incidence of adverse reactions was observed and statistically analyzed. The periodontal conditions before and after restoration were examined, and changes in quality of life were assessed in both groups. Results The aesthetic evaluation scores post-restoration in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The total incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the periodontal indicators were also lower (P < 0.05). The quality of life scores post-restoration in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion All-ceramic restorations are preferred in clinical anterior tooth restoration due to superior aesthetics, fewer adverse reactions, and effective improvement in patients" quality of life, making it a worthy reference.