Objective To analyze the effect of 3D printing technology on dental implant placement accuracy and implant success rate. Methods A total of 120 patients undergoing dental implantation admitted to our hospital from June 2022 to October 2025 were selected as the research subjects. According to the random number table method, they were divided into the control group and the study group, with 60 patients in each group. The control group received the traditional implant restoration guide fabrication technology, and the study group received 3D printing technology. The implant success rate, dental implant placement accuracy and aesthetic effect were compared between the two groups. Results The implant success rate of the study group (100.00%) was higher than that of the control group (90.00%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The dental implant placement accuracy of the study group at 2 weeks after treatment was lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The papilla index value of the study group at 1 month after treatment was lower than that of the control group, and the scores of PES and WES were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The application of 3D printing technology in dental implantation can effectively improve the implant success rate and aesthetic effect, and enhance dental implant placement accuracy, which is worthy of clinical application.