Objective To explore the influencing factors for postoperative infection in patients undergoing oral implant aesthetic restoration. Methods A total of 100 patients who received oral implant aesthetic restoration in the Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University from January 2020 to December 2024 were selected as the research subjects. Among them, 50 patients without postoperative infection were assigned to the non-infection group, and 50 patients with postoperative infection were assigned to the infection group. The levels of inflammatory factors were compared between the two groups. By collecting and comparing their clinical related data, univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the influencing factors for postoperative infection in patients undergoing oral implant aesthetic restoration. Results The levels of inflammatory factors in the infection group were higher than those in the non-infection group (P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in age, oral health habits, alveolar bone status, diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease history between the infection group and the non-infection group (P<0.05). Binary Logistic regression analysis revealed that age >55 years, poor oral health habits, poor alveolar bone status, diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease history were independent risk factors for postoperative infection (P<0.05). Conclusion The levels of inflammatory factors are higher in patients with postoperative infection after oral implant aesthetic restoration. Targeted prevention should be carried out according to patients' inflammatory factor levels and the risk factors leading to postoperative infection, which is recommended for reference in actual clinical intervention.