Objective To analyze the effect of implant-supported overdenture restoration on oral aesthetic effect in edentulous patients. Methods A total of 90 edentulous patients admitted to the Department of Stomatology, Songjiang District Yueyang Subdistrict Community Health Service Center from October 2022 to June 2024 were selected, and they were divided into the control group and the experimental group by the random number table method, with 45 patients in each group. The control group was treated with conventional complete denture restoration, and the experimental group was treated with implant-supported overdenture restoration. The oral aesthetic effect, quality of life, patient satisfaction and complication rate were compared between the two groups. Results The scores of OES in the experimental group at 1, 3 and 6 months after restoration were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The total scores of GOHAI in the experimental group at 1, 3 and 6 months after restoration were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The patient satisfaction rate of the experimental group (95.56%) was higher than that of the control group (77.78%) (P<0.05). There was no statistically signiffcant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Compared with conventional complete dentures, implant-supported overdentures can effectively improve oral aesthetic effect, patient satisfaction rate and quality of life, without increasing complications, which is worthy of clinical application.