Acne is a disease caused by the combined action of multiple factors such as heredity, immune function, environment, pressure and living habits. Its clinical manifestations are diverse, mainly including comedones, inflammatory papules, pustules, nodules and cysts. After the resolution of skin lesions, sequelae such as erythema, hyperpigmentation and scars often remain. The disease has a long course, is prone to recurrence and difficult to cure. Therefore, standardized treatment and strengthened preventive management of acne are crucial. This paper systematically reviews the common inducing factors and related prevention strategies of acne, aiming to provide a reference basis for clinical treatment.