Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of Vitapex combined with pulp mummifying paste in children with pulpitis of deciduous teeth. Methods A total of 86 children with pulpitis of deciduous teeth admitted to the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Yancheng Stomatological Hospital from December 2023 to December 2024 were selected as the research subjects, and they were divided into the control group and the observation group by the random number table method, with 43 children in each group. The control group was treated with Vitapex paste alone, and the observation group was treated with Vitapex combined with pulp mummifying paste. The masticatory function, inflammatory factor levels and pain intensity were compared between the two groups. Results After 3 months of treatment, the masticatory efficiency and occlusal force in the two groups were higher than those before treatment, and those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). After 3 months of treatment, the levels of IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α in the two groups were lower than those before treatment, and those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). The VAS scores in the observation group at 1 day and 1 week after treatment were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion The application of Vitapex combined with pulp mummifying paste in children with pulpitis of deciduous teeth has a definite therapeutic effect. It can effectively improve masticatory function, reduce inflammatory factor levels, and promote pain relief.