Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are two common types of cutaneous malignancies. Although they have different biological behaviors, the development of medical aesthetic technology in recent years has provided new treatment options, which can not only control the progression of tumors but also take into account the preservation of the appearance and function of the skin. With the advancement of medical aesthetic technology, the treatment plans for BCC and SCC have achieved certain innovation, especially in minimally invasive therapy, laser therapy, cryotherapy, immunotherapy and other aspects. This paper reviews the basic pathological characteristics of BCC and SCC and the limitations of their traditional treatment methods. It focuses on the application progress of medical aesthetic treatments in the treatment of these two types of skin cancers. By analyzing research findings and clinical applications, it demonstrates the clinical effects, advantages, disadvantages and future development trends of innovative treatment methods. Meanwhile, it summarizes the differences in medical aesthetic treatment strategies for basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, aiming to provide valuable references for clinical treatment and thus promote the development in the field of medical aesthetics.