1.中山大学附属第七医院;2.中山大学公共卫生学院（深圳）
国家自然科学基金常规面上项目(编号:8187120851)
目的 本研究旨在解析高校学生痤疮流行病学特征及其影响因素，为制定针对性防控措施提供科学依据。方法?为探讨大学生痤疮的相关影响因素，采用分层随机抽样策略，于2024年5月至2025年5月对深圳市某高等院校123例在校生开展断面研究，通过标准化问卷采集数据。采用卡方检验对性别、年级、生活习惯、皮肤特征及家族史等变量进行单因素分析。进一步地，将在单因素分析中具有统计学意义的变量纳入多因素Logistic回归模型，构建痤疮发生的预测模型，评估各变量的独立影响强度，结果以比值比（OR）及其95%置信区间（CI）进行报告 。结果 目标人群痤疮患病率为67.48%（83/123）。单因素分析表明，环境感知（空气质量评价）、皮肤生理特性（油性肤质）、面部清洁频次、护肤产品应用频率、家族痤疮史及心理压力水平与疾病发生存在统计学关联（P<0.05）。多变量分析表明，家族史呈现最强风险效应（OR=3.70，P<0.001），油性肤质次之（OR=1.76，P=0.025）；而每日规律护肤显著降低患病概率（OR≈0.28，P=0.002）。结论?高校青年痤疮高发态势需引起重视，其发生与遗传易感性（家族痤疮史）及皮肤生理特性（油性肤质）密切相关。值得注意的是，规范使用洁肤产品等日常护理行为对疾病预防具有积极意义。
Objective?This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of acne among university students, providing a scientific basis for targeted prevention and control strategies. Methods?A cross-sectional study was conducted using a stratified random sampling strategy from May 2024 to May 2025, enrolling 123 students from a university in Shenzhen. Standardized questionnaires were administered to collect demographic data, with concurrent dermatological clinical assessments performed by certified practitioners.?Results?To explore acne-related risk factors, univariate analysis using the Chi-square test was first performed on variables including gender, academic year, lifestyle habits, skin characteristics, and family history. Statistically significant variables (P < 0.05) were subsequently included in a multivariate Logistic regression model to construct a predictive framework and evaluate the independent effects of each variable, reported as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The overall acne prevalence in the study population was 67.48% (83/123). Univariate analysis identified significant associations between acne occurrence and environmental perception (air quality evaluation), skin physiological traits (oily skin type), facial cleansing frequency, skincare product usage, family history of acne, and psychological stress levels (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that family history exhibited the strongest risk effect (OR = 3.70, P < 0.001), followed by oily skin type (OR = 1.76, P = 0.025). Conversely, daily skincare regimen significantly reduced disease probability (OR ≈ 0.28, P = 0.002).?Conclusion?The high prevalence of acne among university youth warrants urgent attention, with its occurrence closely linked to genetic predisposition (family history) and skin physiological traits (oily skin type). Notably, standardized skincare practices, such as proper use of cleansing products, demonstrate preventive value. These findings highlight the necessity of integrating behavioral interventions with biological risk stratification in campus health management programs.
